Film Directing Tutorial - How to Shoot Effective Scene Coverage · FilmSkills
学习好莱坞拍摄技巧，掌握如何为场景拍摄多角度镜头，提升作品专业度。适合练习镜头规划与剪辑思维。
I'm Jason Tmerich.
我是杰森·特梅里奇（Jason Tmerich）。
The editing of a movie begins long before you shoot even the first frame.
一部电影的剪辑工作实际上早在拍摄第一帧画面之前就已经开始了。
See filmmaking is a tedious process of shooting a scene multiple times for many different camera angles and oftentimes you're only using one camera.
这种电影制作方式非常繁琐：需要从许多不同的角度多次拍摄同一个场景，而很多时候实际上只使用一台摄像机。
So you have to determine as the director in pre -production how these shots will be edited together.
因此，作为导演，在前期制作阶段就必须确定这些镜头将如何被剪辑在一起。
In the editing room, the editor then
在剪辑室里，剪辑师接着……
assembles these shots together so the action
将这些镜头拼接在一起，从而呈现出完整的动作场景。
in the scene appears to have occurred only once and was covered by multiple cameras positioned all around the set.
这一场景似乎只发生过一次，而且整个拍摄过程都由分布在拍摄场地各处的多台摄像机记录了下来。
Well, this can be tricky because the quality of your final edit depends heavily on just how well you shot the footage on set.
嗯，这可能会有点棘手，因为最终剪辑的质量在很大程度上取决于你在拍摄现场时对视频素材的拍摄质量。
So in this lesson, we're going to look at how to shoot good coverage for each scene in your project.
在这节课中，我们将学习如何为项目中的每个场景拍摄出高质量的画面（即能够充分展示场景内容的照片或视频）。
When you're on set and you're planning how to cover each scene,
当你在片场，正在思考如何拍摄每一个场景时……
you want to imagine every shot and how it's going to be cut together in the editing room.
你需要想象每一个镜头的拍摄过程，以及它们在剪辑室里会如何被组合在一起。
Because remember, the goal here is to create the illusion that the action on screen happened only once but that there were multiple camera shooting.
因为请记住，我们的目标是要营造出一种错觉：屏幕上的动作其实只发生了一次，但实际上是由多台摄像机同时拍摄的。
So the trick to manufacturing this perceived
那么，制造这种被人们认为具有某种特性的产品的关键就在于……
continuity between the different shots is for
不同镜头之间的连贯性（即画面之间的过渡自然、流畅）是为了……（此处需要补充具体目的或效果）。
your actors to perform the scene in
让你的演员们按照这个剧本来表演这个场景。
its entirety from the beginning to the end and then try to cover as much of the scene as possible from each camera setup.
从开始到结束完整地观看整个过程，然后尝试尽可能多地捕捉每个摄像角度所拍摄到的场景内容。
The more rehearsed the actors are and the more comfortable they are with the flow of the scene,
演员们的排练越充分，他们对场景发展过程的掌握就越熟练、越自然，表演起来也就越得心应手。
the more consistent their performance is going
他们的表现越稳定，情况就会越好。
to be from one take to the
从第一次拍摄到最终成品（即整个制作过程）
next and the better the pacing and the better the flow of the scene will be when you edit it together.
节奏越紧凑、场景的连贯性越强，最终剪辑出来的作品就会越出色。
When I prepare a script and my shot list, I absolutely have in mind where probably every edit is going to be a version of that.
当我准备剧本和镜头列表时，我一定会提前想好每个剪辑点应该使用哪个版本的画面。
Is that the version I ultimately end up with?
这就是我最终会得到的版本吗？
Not necessarily, but I have a way I know it will work.
不一定，但我有自己确定方法有效的方式。
I know a lot of filmmakers are taught don't cut in your head.
我知道很多电影制作人被教导不要在拍摄过程中突然改变拍摄方向（即不要突然改变镜头的拍摄角度或方向）。
I think that's the silliest thing I've ever heard.
我觉得这是我听过最愚蠢的话了。
Absolutely, you should cut in your head.
当然，你应该立刻停止这种行为（或想法）。
Now, that is not to say that that's the only version that should be available to be cut together,
不过，这并不意味着这是唯一一个可以被剪辑整合的版本。
absolutely not.
绝对不行。
You should have your appropriate pieces of coverage.
你应该为自己购买适当的保险产品（即具备相应保障范围的保险）。
But to overshoot is to, in my opinion, not have a point of view.
但在我看来，如果行动过于激进（或者说“超出了应有的范围”），那就意味着一个人根本没有任何明确的观点或立场。
When we talk about shooting for the edit, you want to keep these two tips in mind.
当我们谈到“为后期剪辑而拍摄”时，你需要记住以下这两条建议。
First, during pre -production, think about the
首先，在制作前期阶段，就需要考虑以下几点：
relationship between each of the shots on your shot list and how they will ultimately cut together to best tell the story.
你的镜头列表中每个镜头之间的关联，以及它们最终如何被剪辑在一起以最有效地讲述故事。
Using storyboards or pre -visualizing the scene may help you dial in the visual pacing.
使用故事板或预先构思场景的视觉效果，可以帮助你更好地控制整个画面的视觉节奏（即画面元素出现的速度与顺序）。
Also, plan to maximize the coverage in
另外，请计划好如何最大限度地扩大覆盖范围。
every single camera setup so that you can give the editor as many options as possible in the editing room.
我们精心设计了每一套摄像系统，目的是为剪辑师在剪辑室里提供尽可能多的选择。
Shoot as much of the scene as you possibly can from each and every camera setup.
使用每一种摄像设备尽可能多地拍摄场景中的各个部分。
All
所有
right, let's begin by looking at the most basic coverage template,
好的，让我们先来看看最基础的覆盖范围模板吧。
which is shooting a master shot and then moving in for close -ups of each actor.
首先拍摄一个全景镜头（即“大师级镜头”），然后再切换到每个演员的特写镜头。