Why the Future is Human … Plus AI | Esther Perel and Sal Khan · TED
Esther Perel与Sal Khan探讨AI如何改变工作、学习和情感生活，分析人类独特的情感与心理需求，适合练习听力与话题讨论。
Esther Perel: What worries me is that we are more and more disembodied.
埃丝特·佩雷尔：让我担忧的是，我们正变得越来越“脱离肉体”（即越来越不再以具体的、有形的存在方式存在）。
We gather less, we party less, we drink less.
我们收集的东西变少了，参加聚会的时间也变少了，饮酒的量也减少了。
Seventy-four percent of food that is cooked in an American restaurant is eaten off the premises.
在美国餐馆里烹饪的食物中，有74%是在餐馆内被食用的。
What worries me is that we can't really deal with the messiness of human life, the way that we are called upon to do.
让我担心的是：我们实际上无法妥善应对人类生活中那些混乱无序的现象——而我们却肩负着解决这些问题的责任。
[Esther Perel, Psychotherapist] [Sal Khan, TED Vision Steward, CEO of Khan Academy] SK: Where should we begin?
[埃丝特·佩雷尔（Esther Perel），心理治疗师] [萨尔·可汗（Sal Khan），TED愿景负责人，可汗学院（Khan Academy）首席执行官] SK：我们应该从哪里开始呢？
Do you want to go first?
你想先来吗？
EP: No, no.
EP：不，不。
SK: Oh, I go first?
SK：哦，那我先来吗？
EP: I will serve you.
EP：我会为您效劳。
SK: OK, let me see.
SK：好的，让我想想看。
I'll shuffle it up a little in case they rigged it.
我会稍微调整一下这些数据，以防他们事先对数据进行了篡改。
If you could redesign one system from scratch, what would it be and why?
如果你可以从零开始重新设计一个系统，你会选择设计哪个系统？为什么？
EP: Actually, if you give me that card, I would put it back in the bowl.
EP：其实，如果你把那张卡片给我，我会把它放回那个碗里。
SK: No, no, you don't want to answer that?
SK：不，不，你不想回答那个问题吗？
EP: No, because I actually don't think that I have...
EP：不，因为实际上我觉得自己并没有什么特别的才能或优势……
There is no system that I would redesign from scratch, but there's only one system that I know well and that is the mental health system.
没有哪个系统是我会从头开始重新设计的；不过，确实有一个系统我非常熟悉，那就是心理健康系统。
So I think that there's so much that one can do to improve the services in mental health,
因此我认为，有很多方法可以用来改善心理健康服务。
institutionally, training-wise, service delivery, interconnection to the legal system, to the medical system.
在制度层面、培训体系、服务提供方式，以及与法律体系、医疗体系的衔接方面，都存在相应的改进空间。
It's a huge systemic redesign.
这是一次大规模的、系统性的重新设计。
And I actually work with very small systems, couples, families, groups.
实际上，我主要与一些规模较小的群体合作，比如夫妻、家庭或小团体。
My systems are microsystems.
我的系统属于微型系统（microsystems）的范畴。
What would you say is one system that you would redesign from scratch?
你会说哪个系统是需要从头开始重新设计的呢？
SK: Oh, well, probably the one -- EP: It's an enormous question.
SK：哦，嗯，可能是那个问题吧…… EP：这确实是一个非常重大的问题。
SK: It's a big one.
SK：这确实是个非常重要的问题（或事件）。
You had a good answer.
你的回答非常不错。
You know, the one people would expect me to answer is the education system.
你知道的，人们最期待我回答的问题就是关于教育体系的问题。
You know, I talk a lot about that we've always known that the ideal education system is one that's very personalized.
你知道吗，我经常谈到这样一个观点：我们一直都知道，理想的教育体系应该是高度个性化的教育体系。
I always talk about how Alexander the Great had Aristotle as his personal tutor.
我总是提到亚历山大大帝如何聘请亚里士多德作为自己的私人导师。
And throughout most of human history, if you had resources, if you were a young prince, you did have a very good education.
在人类历史的大部分时间里，如果你拥有足够的资源，或者如果你是一位年轻的王子，那么你确实能够接受非常优质的教育。
You fast-forward to 200, 300 years ago, we have a very utopian idea: mass public education.
让我们把时间快进到200年或300年前，那时我们有一个非常乌托邦式的想法：普及大众教育。
But we had to make compromises -- we had to batch students together, move them all together at the same pace,
但我们不得不做出妥协：我们必须将学生分组在一起，以相同的进度来教授他们。
have some state-mandated curricula standards.
这些课程需要遵循一些由国家制定的教学标准。
If a student doesn't understand a concept and gets a C, too bad, that C is in their transcript forever and they move on
如果一个学生没有理解某个概念，因此得了 C 成绩，那也很遗憾。不过这个 C 成绩会永远记录在他们的成绩单上，之后他们就可以继续学习新的内容了。
having to build on that C as opposed to having a chance to keep learning it
必须在此基础上继续深入学习（即不能仅仅停留在已掌握的知识水平上），而不是有机会持续不断地学习该知识。
so they can get it to a B or an A.
这样他们就可以把成绩提高到 B 或 A 级了。
So I would, instead of making it one-size-fits-all, I’d make it personalized.
因此，我不会采用“一刀切”的方法，而是会提供个性化的服务。
Instead of making it you only get one shot to get the grade and then you build on that gap,
你并没有多次尝试的机会来获得理想的成绩；一旦第一次尝试失败，成绩就会下降，之后你就只能努力弥补这个差距了。
I would make it mastery-based, which means keep learning, which you would do today if you're learning a musical instrument or a sport,
我会将其设计成一种以“掌握技能”为核心的学习模式——也就是说，学习是一个持续的过程。如果你现在正在学习一种乐器或一项运动，那么今天你依然需要继续学习。
becoming an Olympian.
成为奥运选手。
And I think the credential should be the same way.
我认为，对于这些资格认证（或证书）来说，也应该采用同样的标准或方式。