What Makes a Good Game? | Eric Zimmerman | TED · TED
游戏设计师Eric Zimmerman分享如何通过规则创造有趣的游戏体验。他以板游戏和棒球为例，说明规则如何引导创意和自发的玩法，适合练习游戏设计思维和规则应用。
Hello, everybody.
大家好！
I’m Eric, and I’m a game designer, and that means that I make video games.
我叫埃里克，是一名游戏设计师，这意味着我的工作就是开发电子游戏。
I make tabletop games.
我制作桌面游戏。
I work with architect Nathalie Pozzi to do large-scale museum installations, and I also write books about game design,
我与建筑师娜塔莉·波齐（Nathalie Pozzi）合作，共同设计大型博物馆展览项目；同时，我也撰写关于游戏设计的书籍。
and I teach at the NYU Game Center at Tisch School of the Arts, where we think about games as an art form
我在纽约大学蒂施艺术学院的“游戏中心”任教，我们把游戏视作一种艺术形式。
and also play as a deep form of literacy.
同时，它也是一种高级形式的读写能力（即更深层次的读写能力）。
Today, I want to talk to you,
今天，我想和你们谈谈。
from my point of view as a game designer, about how to really make something that engages and grabs and hooks an audience, right?
从我的角度来看，作为一名游戏设计师，我一直在思考如何真正创造出能够吸引观众、让他们产生兴趣并持续关注的游戏作品，对吧？
And how you can apply these ideas to whatever it is that you do.
以及如何将这些理念应用到你所从事的任何工作中去。
And how do we do that?
我们该怎么做呢？
We play with rules, right?
我们是在遵守规则的前提下进行游戏的，对吧？
I'm going to talk about that.
我打算谈谈那个话题。
I want to structure that in terms of a series of levels.
我希望将这一内容按照一系列层次结构来进行组织。
I'm sorry about the level thing, but I am a game designer, so here we are.
关于游戏难度的问题，我感到很抱歉；不过我确实是一名游戏设计师，所以事情就是这样。
So let's start at the beginning -- rules.
那么，让我们从头开始吧——先来谈谈规则。
OK.
好的。
What are rules?
什么是规则？
What do I mean by "rules"?
我所说的“规则”指的是什么呢？
Well think about when you buy a board game.
当你购买一款桌游时，不妨仔细想想这个过程。
What are you actually buying?
你到底在买什么？
Well, you have, maybe, a pretty box, there's some cards and dice and little pieces, but what you're really buying is rules, right?
嗯，你买到的可能只是一个外观漂亮的盒子，里面装着一些卡片、骰子以及一些小零件，但实际上你真正购买的是游戏规则，对吧？
Rules, from one point of view, is the essence of what a game is.
从某种角度来看，规则就是游戏的本质所在。
Rules tell you what to do each turn, and how to win.
规则会告诉你每轮该做什么，以及如何获胜。
If you're playing the game, and it's like, "Oh, we landed on a red space, what does that mean?"
如果你正在玩这个游戏，然后出现这样的画面：“哦，我们降落在一个红色的区域上，这是什么意思呢？
"I don't know, we have to clarify this ambiguity by referring to the rules."
我不知道，我们必须通过参考相关规则来消除这种模糊性。
Let me give you another example.
让我再举一个例子。
Let's say you're playing baseball, right?
假设你正在打棒球，对吧？
And you say, "OK, this tree here is second base."
然后你说：“好吧，这棵树就代表二垒。
OK, so I'm playing, I'm here on second base.
好的，我现在正在玩游戏，我位于二垒的位置。
And while the next batter is up, I'm like, "Maybe I can hold on to this twig, like,
当下一个击球手上场时，我在想：“也许我可以抓住这根小树枝……
way over here and get as close as I can to third base."
走到这边来，尽量靠近三垒。
And then I'm tagged out.
然后我就被标记为“出局”（即不再参与当前的活动或流程）。
And I'm like, "Wait a second.
然后我就想：“等一下……
I'm on second base."
我现在处于‘第二垒’的位置。
"You're not, second base is a tree."
你才不是呢，二垒其实是一棵树而已。
"No, just the trunk."
不，只需要后备箱。
Right.
好的。
OK.
好的。
There's an argument here.
这里确实存在一个值得讨论的观点（或论点）。
And, and in order to actually play the game of baseball, we'd have to resolve this ambiguity, right?
为了真正玩棒球这项运动，我们必须消除这种模糊性，对吧？