Working of a Pin Hole Camera- Science Animation · Science Projects
讲解小孔相机的工作原理和制作方法，适合练习科学实验和物理知识。
Pinhole camera.
针孔相机。
The principle of pinhole camera is based on rectilinear propagation of light that is light travels in a straight line.
针孔相机的原理基于光的直线传播特性，即光总是沿直线传播的。
Let us learn the working and construction of pinhole camera.
让我们来了解一下针孔相机的工作原理及其构造。
The image formed by a pinhole camera is inverted and smaller in size when compared to the original object.
由针孔相机形成的图像是倒立的，并且其尺寸比原始物体要小。
Pinhole cameras are cheap and simple to make.
针孔相机价格便宜，制作起来也很简单。
Let us learn how to make a pinhole camera.
让我们学习如何制作一个针孔相机吧。
Take two rectangular boxes that fit into one another without leaving any gap.
取两个长方体盒子，它们可以相互嵌套（即一个盒子完全放入另一个盒子内部），且之间没有任何缝隙。
Make a small hole in the larger box at the center on
在较大的盒子的中心位置钻一个小孔。
the opposite side of the small box cut from the middle a square of about 5 to 6 centimeters.
从那个小盒子中间切出一个约 5 到 6 厘米见方的正方形区域。
Cover this opening with tracing paper.
用描图纸覆盖这个开口部位。
Finally, slide the smaller box into the larger box ensuring that the pinhole and the tracing paper are in line with one another.
最后，将较小的盒子滑入较大的盒子中，确保针孔与描图纸对齐。
Keep a lighted candle at a distance of 50 centimeters from pinhole camera.
将一支点燃的蜡烛放在距离针孔相机 50 厘米的地方。
Look at the candle through the hole of pinhole camera.
通过针孔相机的孔洞观察那支蜡烛。
You can see the inverted image of a candle on the screen of the camera.
你可以在相机的屏幕上看到蜡烛的倒影（即被倒置后的图像）。
Slide the smaller box to adjust the focus so that you can capture the clear image of a candle.
滑动较小的那个方框来调整焦距，从而能够拍出蜡烛的清晰图像。
Now, let us see what are observations of the image formed in the pinhole camera.
现在，让我们来看看在针孔相机中形成的图像有哪些特征（或：观察结果是什么）。
Number one, image of a candle formed is diminished in size.
首先，蜡烛的图像在大小上被缩小了。
Number two, image of a candle formed is inverted.
第二点：所形成的蜡烛图像是倒置的（即上下颠倒了）。
Number three, image of a candle formed has color.
第三点：形成的蜡烛图像是彩色的。
Let us see how image was formed.
让我们来看看图像是如何形成的。
A light ray from top of candle A falls on the tracing paper at A1.
从蜡烛 A 的顶部射出的一束光线落在描图纸上的 A1 点。
After passing through the pinhole, O.
在穿过针孔之后，O……
Array from the bottom of candle B falls on B1.
蜡烛B底部的碎屑落在了B1上。
Similarly, rays from the candle fall on the tracing paper after passing through the pinhole.
同样地，蜡烛发出的光线在穿过针孔后，也会落在描图纸上。
Together, these points of light make up an image of a candle.
这些发光点共同组成了蜡烛的图像。
You can see an inverted image of B1, A1 of a candle.
你可以看到蜡烛的 B1 部分和 A1 部分的倒置图像。