This Woman Cured Her Cancer with an Insane Method · Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell
讲述一位克罗地亚病毒学家用病毒治疗自己乳腺癌的故事，适合练习医学类词汇和表达，了解创新治疗方法。
A sharp needle breaks skin and pierces the firm, dark tumor.
一根锋利的针刺破了皮肤，穿入了那个坚硬、颜色深沉的肿瘤组织中。
Millions of viruses invade deep into the
数以百万计的病毒会侵入人体内部深处……
deadly cancer, kickstarting an experiment that had never been attempted before – Bypassing some of the most sacred safety nets in medicine.
这种致命的癌症促使人们开展了一项前所未有的实验；这项实验甚至绕过了医学领域中一些最为严格的安全规定（即那些被视为“不可触碰”的安全底线）。
This is the story of Dr Beata Halassy, an expert virologist from Croatia who decided to cure her own cancer.
这是一个关于贝亚塔·哈拉西博士（Dr. Beata Halassy）的故事：她是一位来自克罗地亚的病毒学专家，决定自己治愈自己的癌症。
Thanks to her help, we can tell it as accurately as possible.
多亏了她的帮助，我们才能尽可能准确地描述这件事。
It had been a few years since Beata had been diagnosed with breast cancer - a pretty bad one.
自从贝亚塔被诊断出患有乳腺癌（而且病情相当严重）以来，已经过去了几年的时间。
After a surgery to remove as much of the cancer as possible she went through four cycles of pretty harsh chemotherapy.
在接受了旨在尽可能切除癌细胞的手术后，她接受了四个疗程的化疗，这些化疗过程相当残酷（即副作用较大）。
The goal was to eliminate every last cancer cell that was still hiding in her body.
治疗的目标是彻底清除她体内所有尚未被发现的癌细胞。
And the chemo did its job – all rapidly dividing cells in Beata's body died en masse – the cells of her immune system,
化疗确实发挥了作用：贝阿塔体内所有正在快速分裂的细胞都大量死亡了，其中包括她的免疫系统细胞。
hair and mucosa and digestive track died in droves.
头发、黏膜以及消化道内的细胞大量死亡。
We’ll spare you the details, but it was not fun.
我们就不详细说了，总之那段经历实在不愉快（或者说非常糟糕）。
Beata was sure that if this harsh treatment would not destroy the cancer completely, then nothing would.
贝亚塔坚信：如果这种残酷的治疗方式都无法彻底消灭癌细胞，那么任何其他方法也都无济于事。
Unfortunately at least one cell survived.
不幸的是，至少有一个细胞存活了下来。
After two years it came back again and was removed again.
两年后，这个问题再次出现，随后又被解决了（即再次被消除）。
And again it came back, stronger, bigger and now even more dangerous than before.
它又一次出现了——比以前更强大、更庞大，而且现在比以往更加危险了。
A hard dark mass that had begun invading Beata's muscles and skin, getting ready to spread all over her body.
那是一块坚硬、呈深色的物质；它已经开始侵入贝亚塔的肌肉和皮肤，并准备在她的整个身体内扩散开来。
Stage 3B.
第三阶段B（Stage 3B）。
If it was allowed to succeed, her chances of survival were very slim.
如果让这种情况继续发展下去，她存活下来的机会将微乎其微。
This is where Beata decided to take
就在这里，贝亚塔决定采取行动（即做出某个决定或采取某种行动）。
care of this cancer herself, with the support of her colleagues – because they actually had a unique mix of expertise and resources.
她在同事们的支持下独自应对这种癌症；因为她的同事们确实拥有独特的专业知识和资源组合。
Her plan was as simple as it
她的计划非常简单。
was daring: They would breed viruses that they were deeply familiar with from her lab and inject them directly into her cancer.
他们真是胆大包天：他们从她的实验室中选取那些他们非常熟悉的病毒，然后直接将这些病毒注入她的癌细胞中。
Why Viruses Love Cancer Like many medical advances this one was discovered by accident.
为什么病毒会“偏爱”癌细胞？与许多医学突破一样，这一发现也是偶然间做出的。
In the early 20th century baffled doctors observed that the tumors of some cancer patients shrank when they got virus infections like influenza or measles.
20世纪初，医生们观察到一些癌症患者的肿瘤在感染流感或麻疹等病毒后竟然缩小了，这让他们感到十分困惑。
Which makes perfect sense if we understand how both work.
如果我们了解这两种机制的工作原理，这一切就完全说得通了。
When regular cells are infected with a virus they fight back hard and without compromise: First they slow down,
当普通细胞被病毒感染时，它们会毫不妥协地发起强烈抵抗：首先，它们的新陈代谢速度会减慢……
calming their internal machinery so the virus has a harder time taking them over and making copies of itself.
他们通过调节自身的生理机能来降低病毒侵袭身体的风险，从而使病毒更难以控制他们的身体并复制自身。
Then they scream for the immune system to send anti-virus killers – which usually means that they will be killed themselves.
然后他们呼喊着让免疫系统派出抗病毒物质来消灭病毒；但这通常意味着他们自己也会因此丧命。
And, if they can, they push their self-destruct button and take the virus with them.
如果他们能够做到这一点，就会按下“自我毁灭”的按钮，从而将病毒也一并带走。
Cancer cells are unable to use any of these defenses, exactly because of the corruption that makes them cancer.
癌细胞无法利用这些防御机制——恰恰就是因为那些导致它们成为癌细胞的“病变”（或“异常变化”）所致。
They are unhinged and hyperactive, eating and reproducing feverishly, unable to slow down.
它们行为异常、极度活跃，疯狂地进食和繁殖，根本无法减缓自己的活动速度。
Cancer cells also can’t really call the immune system to help them out because it is trying really hard to kill them.
癌细胞实际上也无法向免疫系统求助，因为免疫系统正在竭尽全力杀死它们。
Successful cancers actually build a protective zone around them that hides them from immune cells or even kills them.
实际上，那些能够成功“战胜”免疫系统的癌细胞会在自己周围形成一层保护屏障，这层屏障既能将它们隐藏起来，避免被免疫细胞发现，甚至还能杀死这些免疫细胞。
And lastly, their self-destruct button is broken.
最后，他们的“自毁按钮”已经坏掉了。
So, viruses are a horrible enemy for cancer cells, slaying them effortlessly.
因此，病毒对癌细胞来说是一个极其可怕的敌人——它们能够轻松地杀死癌细胞。
But much worse, once a virus starts
但更糟糕的是，一旦病毒开始传播……
killing, all of the ensuing death, virus- and tumor particles attract the immune system which then happily joins the massacre.
杀戮行为本身，以及由此引发的所有死亡事件，都会促使病毒和肿瘤颗粒被免疫系统识别；随后，免疫系统便会“欣然”参与这场“大屠杀”（即对病原体和异常细胞的攻击）。
Virotherapy became an active field of research and a big hope for beating cancer.
病毒疗法已成为一个活跃的研究领域，并被视为战胜癌症的重要希望。
Unfortunately it turned out that using viruses to kill cancer is way harder than initially thought.
不幸的是，事实证明：利用病毒来杀死癌细胞远比最初想象的要困难得多。
You’ve got three very complex players trying to kill each other, fighting inside a living human being that somehow has to survive.
有三个非常复杂的“角色”（其实可以理解为某种具有复杂行为的实体或系统）试图互相消灭；它们在一个人类体内进行战斗，而这个人类却必须设法活下来。