The 1956 Suez Crisis: History Matters (Short Animated Documentary) · History Matters
1956年埃及国有化苏伊士运河引发英法以三国联合军事行动。影片讲述历史背景、各方动机及冲突经过，适合练习历史类词汇和复杂句式理解。
1956 in Egypt has just nationalised the Suez Canal.
1956年，埃及刚刚将苏伊士运河收归国有。
The canal had previously been owned by the Suez Canal Company, which was controlled mostly by France and Britain.
这条运河此前由苏伊士运河公司所有，该公司主要受法国和英国的控制。
The seizure was ordered by the Egyptian President Gamal Abdul -NASA,
这次扣押行动是由埃及总统贾迈勒·阿卜杜勒-纳赛尔下令执行的。
who wanted to use the proceeds from the tolls the canal generated for infrastructure projects in Egypt.
这些人希望将运河收费所得用于埃及的基础设施建设项目。
So Egypt was a non -aligned country during the Cold War and NASA wished to maintain good relations with both the USA and the USSR.
因此，在冷战期间，埃及属于不结盟国家；而美国国家航空航天局（NASA）希望与美国和苏联都保持良好的关系。
NASA's only real aim was to maintain the independence of the Arab world and to prevent any imperial powers old or new from dominating it again.
美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的真正目标在于维护阿拉伯世界的独立性，防止任何新老帝国势力再次对该地区实施统治。
America was unhappy with NASA's lack of hostility to the Soviet Union and so, along with Britain, withdrew previously promised financial assistance to Egypt.
美国对美国国家航空航天局（NASA）对苏联缺乏敌对态度的行为感到不满，因此与英国一道，撤回了此前承诺给埃及的财政援助。
As a result, NASA declared his intention to nationalise the Suez Canal to make up for the lost cash.
因此，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）宣布打算将苏伊士运河收归国有，以弥补所损失的资金。
The French and British governments were furious and saw the nationalisation as an attack on their influence in the region.
法国和英国政府对此感到极为愤怒，他们将此次国有化举措视为对两国在该地区影响力的挑战。
So Israel, led by Prime Minister David Ben -Gurion, was also upset with the nationalisation since NASA immediately banned all Israeli shipping from the canal.
因此，由戴维·本-古里安总理领导的以色列政府对这一国有化措施感到非常不满；美国国家航空航天局（NASA）随即禁止所有以色列船只通过该运河。
Soon after, the French under Prime Minister Guy Malay invited the British,
不久之后，在总理盖伊·马莱的领导下，法国方面邀请了英国方面参与相关事务。
led by Prime Minister Anthony Eden and the Israelis to bring the situation under control.
在首相安东尼·伊登和以色列方面的领导下，各方共同努力以控制局势。
The plan was for Israel to capture
该计划是让以色列占领相关地区。
the Sinai Peninsula and that Britain and France would then capture the Suez Canal under the pretext of restoring order to the region.
西奈半岛；随后，英国和法国将以“恢复该地区秩序”为借口，占领苏伊士运河。
On October 29th, Israeli forces invaded the peninsula and the next day Britain and France delivered an ultimatum to both Egypt and Israel.
10月29日，以色列军队入侵了该半岛；次日，英国和法国向埃及和以色列双方发出了最后通牒。
Both sides were ordered to withdraw 10 miles from the Suez Canal or they would intervene.
双方都被命令从苏伊士运河撤退10英里；否则，他们将采取干预措施。
One problem, Israel's troops were still 40 miles from the canal.
其中一个问题是：以色列的军队距离运河仍有40英里之遥。
This gave Britain and France's part in the plan away and both were met with international condemnation,
这使得英国和法国在计划中的角色暴露无遗，两国因此遭到了国际社会的谴责。
specifically from the Americans who were furious that they hadn't been consulted by their allies.
具体来说，这些抱怨来自美国人；他们非常愤怒，因为他们的盟友在做出相关决定时根本没有征求他们的意见。
On November 5th, British and French paratroopers were dropped into the area around the canal to secure it.
11月5日，英国和法国的空降兵被投送到运河周边地区，以控制该地区的安全。
So the Egyptian army wasn't really prepared
所以，埃及军队实际上并没有做好充分的准备。
to resist the well -armed and well -trained militaries of the three nations attacking him and they were quickly overrun.
他们试图抵抗这三个国家的武装精良、训练有素的军队，但很快就遭到了击败。
However, the population of Egypt rallied around Nasser and many civilians took to resisting the invaders, either passively or even taking up arms themselves.
然而，埃及民众团结在纳赛尔周围，许多平民开始抵抗入侵者，他们或是采取被动抵抗的方式，或是直接拿起武器进行抵抗。
The military side of the conflict was over quickly, with Israel, France and the UK achieving their objectives.
这场冲突中的军事斗争很快就结束了，以色列、法国和英国都实现了自己的目标。
Politically though, it was a nightmare for them.
不过从政治角度来看，这对他们来说简直是一场噩梦。
Most nations across the world sided with Egypt and the USSR even threatened to use nuclear weapons against Britain and France.
世界上大多数国家都站在埃及和苏联的一边；苏联甚至威胁要使用核武器对付英国和法国。
Dwight D.
德怀特·D.
Eisenhower, the US president, was absolutely livid
美国总统艾森豪威尔当时简直气炸了。
with the British and French and even went so far as to threaten to kick them both out of NATO.
英国和法国也参与其中；甚至有人威胁要将两国都赶出北约（NATO）。
Furthermore, Eisenhower threatened to sell off sterling
此外，艾森豪威尔还威胁要抛售英镑。
bonds which would have severely harmed the value of the pound which in turn would have likely crashed the British economy.
这些债券会严重损害英镑的价值，进而可能导致英国经济崩溃。
As a result, Britain immediately ceased hostilities in France and Israel soon after signed a ceasefire.
因此，英国立即停止了在法国的敌对行动；以色列也在随后不久签署了停火协议。
British and French forces left Egypt in late November and Israel didn't withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula until March of the next year.
英国和法国的军队于11月底撤离了埃及，而以色列则直到次年3月才从西奈半岛撤军。
The Suez Crisis was over.
苏伊士危机已经结束。
For Britain, the Suez Crisis was a
对英国来说，苏伊士危机是一场……（原文此处未完整表述后果或影响）。
disaster and demonstrated that it could no longer pursue its own foreign policy without the consent of the United States.
这场灾难清楚地表明：如果没有美国的同意，该国将无法再继续推行自己的外交政策。
The crisis would also end the career of Anthony Eden.
这场危机也将终结安东尼·艾登的职业生涯。
For France, the effects were similar and Malay wouldn't last much longer than Eden.
对于法国来说，情况也类似；马莱（Malay）的受欢迎程度不会比伊登（Eden）持续得更久。
For Israel, the war was much more profitable.
对以色列来说，这场战争带来的利益要大得多。
Israel's capabilities were now demonstrated to its neighbours and whilst Israel still couldn't use the Suez Canal,
以色列的军事实力现在已经向邻国展示了出来。尽管以色列仍无法使用苏伊士运河，