我们的思维方式比你想象的要复杂得多(或者说:我们的思维更加“怪异”)

Our Minds Are Weirder than You Think · Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell

探索人类思维的奥秘,了解大脑如何塑造我们的内心世界和对外界的反应。适合练习英语听力与理解复杂概念。

字幕节选(英语 · 中文)

  1. You exist in a truly secret place nobody but you can enter: Your mind.

    你存在于一个真正隐秘的地方——只有你自己才能进入的地方:你的脑海。

  2. When we say mind we mean the place where you, whatever you are, exist.

    当我们提到“心灵”时,我们指的是那个让你(无论你是谁)得以存在的地方。

  3. It's the totality of your inner world, the location of your consciousness and memories, the toolset of your intelligence.

    它代表了你整个内在世界的本质:是你意识与记忆的所在之处,也是你智力的全部工具与资源。

  4. It’s the place where all of your wants, thoughts and emotions happen, where you think, learn, dream and imagine things – consciously and unconsciously.

    这是一个承载着你所有欲望、想法与情感的地方;在这里,你会进行思考、学习、做梦以及发挥想象力——无论是清醒地,还是潜意识地。

  5. Your mind is truly your own, a universe only directly accessible and inhabited by you – and inaccessible to anyone else in the universe.

    你的思想确实属于你自己;它是一个只有你自己才能直接进入、并独自“居住”其中的“宇宙”——对于宇宙中的其他任何人来说,这个“宇宙”都是无法被触及的。

  6. And your mind is probably unique to you.

    你的思维方式很可能是独一无二的。

  7. Probably, because how would we know if two minds are the same?

    也许是因为我们根本无法判断两个人的思维是否完全相同(或者说,这两个人的思维是否具有本质上的相似性)。

  8. What do you see when you imagine an apple?

    当你想象一个苹果时,你会看到什么?

  9. A detailed scenery, a crisp image with clear details and colour?

    细致入微的风景描绘、清晰明亮的图像,以及丰富的细节和色彩?

  10. Is the apple hanging in a void?

    那个苹果是悬挂在真空中(即没有任何物质的环境中)的吗?

  11. Can you rotate it?

    你能把它旋转一下吗?

  12. Is it a 2D shape?

    这是一个二维图形吗?

  13. Is it colorless or transparent or very vague?

    它是无色的、透明的,还是颜色非常模糊的?

  14. Or don’t you see anything at all but feel what an apple feels like to you?

    或者,你根本什么也看不见,只是能感受到苹果在你手中的触感?

  15. Maybe a weird mix?

    也许是一种奇怪的混合体?

  16. Do you have an internal voice that narrates your life?

    你有没有一个内在的“声音”,一直在为你的人生“旁白”(即不断地向你讲述发生的事情)?

  17. Do you have an inner monologue?

    你会有内心的独白吗?

  18. Is there silence inside your mind?

    在你的内心深处,是否存在一种寂静的状态(即没有任何思绪或声音)?

  19. Do you only hear voices when you read?

    只有在你阅读的时候,才会听到那些“声音”吗?

  20. Or do you process thoughts nonverbally or even just feel the world around you?

    还是说,你通过非语言的方式来处理自己的想法,甚至只是单纯地感受周围的世界?

  21. It is a bit stunning how many variations of inner universes humans have and how different our minds must be.

    人类对“内在宇宙”(即人类意识或心理状态)的理解存在如此多的差异,这确实令人感到惊讶;同时,这也表明我们的思维方式必定存在着巨大的差异。

  22. Humans have arguably the most complex minds on earth but today it is widely accepted that minds are not exclusive to us.

    人类无疑拥有地球上最复杂的思维能力,但如今人们普遍认为,这种思维能力并非人类所独有(即其他生物也可能具备类似的思维能力)。

  23. There are trillions of animal minds out in the world, uncountable little secret universes, forever locked to us.

    世界上存在着数万亿只动物的意识;这些意识构成了无数个“微观的秘密宇宙”,永远与我们紧密相连(即我们无法真正理解这些动物的内心世界)。

  24. And by looking at them and their evolution we may be able to learn why our minds are as stunning as they are today.

    通过观察这些现象及其演变过程,我们或许能够弄清楚为什么人类的思维能力会发展到今天这样的水平。

  25. A pretty wild idea is that minds might have originally evolved to control your movements.

    一个相当大胆的想法是:人类的思维最初可能是为了控制自身的动作而进化而来的。

  26. To create a gap between all of your sensory input, and your motor output, how you react to information by moving your body.

    要在你所有的感官输入(即通过各种感官接收到的信息)与你的运动输出(即通过身体动作对这些信息作出的反应)之间制造出一种“间隔”或“缓冲”,你可以尝试以下方法:在接收到某个感官信息后,先稍作停顿或思考,然后再决定如何通过身体动作来回应这个信息。这样的做法有助于让你更加清晰地意识到自己的反应过程,并提高反应的准确性。

  27. A Tool To Deal with the World When life emerged it was without any minds but just cells,

    一种应对世界的工具…… 当生命诞生之初,这个世界还不存在任何“意识”——只有细胞而已。

  28. able to eat, poop and reproduce.

    能够进食、排泄以及繁殖。

  29. They already had to navigate a complex and dangerous world and to process sensory input – but they were extremely inflexible.

    它们早已需要在这个复杂而危险的环境中生存,并处理来自各种感官的信号;然而,它们的适应能力极其有限(或者说:它们的行为模式非常固定、缺乏灵活性)。

  30. If a cell had the inner state

    如果一个细胞具有某种内部状态的话……

  31. “hungry” and sensed “food” it automatically moved in that direction – or it flapped around randomly until it ran into a meal by accident.

    当它感到“饥饿”并察觉到“食物”的存在时,便会自动朝那个方向移动;或者它也会随机地四处游荡,直到偶然找到食物为止。

  32. This worked well enough for billions of years and still does.

    这种方法在数十亿年的时间里都运行得相当良好,至今依然如此。

  33. But as life exploded in complexity and became multicellular, cells began to dedicate themselves to processing information.

    然而,随着生命形式的复杂性不断增加,以及多细胞生物的出现,细胞开始专门承担信息处理的功能。

  34. The first very simple “minds” emerged: little more than tiny gaps.

    最初出现的那些非常简单的“思维结构”其实只是些微小的空隙罢了。

  35. Virtual spaces in which sensory information could be processed for a short moment before these early animals had to react.

    在这些早期动物需要做出反应之前,虚拟空间会暂时存储感官信息,以便对这些信息进行处理。

  36. Roundworms only have 302 neurons in total,

    蛔虫体内的神经元总数仅有 302 个。

  37. yet they are already able to learn

    然而,他们已经具备了学习的能力。

  38. things like “this thing is bad” and retain a memory that changes behavior for a few hours before they forget again.

    他们会说出“这个东西很糟糕”这样的话,并在记忆中保留这种印象;这种印象会在几小时内影响他们的行为,之后他们又会把这件事忘掉。

  39. Minds on this level most likely don’t reason or think, but use simple rules that work well in their environments.

    处于这种思维水平的人很可能不会进行推理或思考,而是依靠一些在他们所处的环境中行之有效的简单规则来行事。

  40. Scientists still debate whether this counts as mind or are still just preprogrammed automated reflexes.

    科学家们仍在争论:这种现象究竟属于人类思维的表现,还是仅仅属于预先设定好的自动化反射反应。

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