Life processes Full chapter | class 10 Animated video | 10th BIOLOGY | ncert #science | Chapter 7 · Grade booster
本视频讲解10年级生物第七章《生命过程》，涵盖营养、呼吸、运输和排泄四大主题，适合练习基础生物概念和科学术语。
In this video, the chapter that we are going to study is life processes.
在这段视频中，我们要学习的章节是“生命过程”。
The life processes helps the organisms to maintain their bodies as well as to repair their bodies.
生命过程有助于生物体维持自身的健康状态，并修复身体受损的部分。
That means the organisms cannot survive without the life processes.
这意味着这些生物在没有这些生命过程的情况下无法生存。
Do you know all living things are made up of cells?
你知道所有的生物都是由细胞构成的吗？
Cells are made up of molecules.
细胞是由分子构成的。
To keep a cell alive, it needs to be maintained well and repaid from time to time.
为了维持细胞的存活状态，必须对其进行良好的护理，并定期对其进行修复（或“更新”）。
For this repair and maintenance, two things are to be done.
对于这项维修工作，需要完成两件事情。
One, supply of new materials.
首先，是新材料的供应问题。
And two, removal of waste and unwanted materials from these cells.
其次，需要从这些细胞中清除废物和不需要存在的物质。
These two tasks are achieved by life processes.
这两项任务是通过生命过程来实现的。
In this chapter, we will learn about four important life processes.
在本章中，我们将学习四种重要的生命过程。
They are one, nutrition, two, respiration, three, transportation, and four, excretion.
它们分别是： 1. 营养； 2. 呼吸； 3. 运输； 4. 排泄。
First life process, nutrition.
生命过程的第一步是营养摄取。
It is a life process by which organisms are able to obtain their food and can convert that food into nutrients.
这是一个生命过程：通过这个过程，生物体能够获取食物，并将这些食物转化为营养物质。
These nutrients helps the organisms in their growth and repair and maintenance of their bodies.
这些营养物质有助于生物体的生长、身体损伤的修复以及身体机能的维持。
The second process is respiration.
第二个过程是呼吸作用。
In this process, organisms obtain oxygen from their surroundings and releases carbon dioxide out of their bodies.
在这个过程中，生物体从周围环境中获取氧气，并将二氧化碳排出体外。
Respiration also releases energy from the food molecules like glucose.
呼吸过程还会从葡萄糖等食物分子中释放能量。
Third life process is transportation.
第三人生”阶段的另一个重要活动是交通出行。
This process helps in the transport of useful materials like glucose, oxygen,
这一过程有助于运输葡萄糖、氧气等有益物质。
and toxic materials like carbon dioxide, urea, etc.
以及二氧化碳、尿素等有毒物质。
Cells get oxygen and nutrients by these three life processes.
细胞通过这三个生命过程获取氧气和营养物质。
Cells use these materials for production of energy and to make new complex molecules.
细胞利用这些物质来产生能量，并合成新的复杂分子。
In these cellular reactions, toxic materials like carbon dioxide and urea are produced.
在这些细胞反应过程中，会生成二氧化碳和尿素等有毒物质。
These toxic materials are to be sent out of the body.
这些有毒物质需要被排出体外。
Then, who does this job, excretion?
那么，这项“排泄”工作究竟是由谁来完成的呢？
Excretion is another important life process in which toxic wastes produced in our body are sent out.
排泄是另一个重要的生命过程，通过这一过程，我们体内产生的有毒废物会被排出体外。
Nutrition implants.
营养植入物。
Plants prepare their own food by using simple inorganic materials like water,
植物通过利用水等简单的无机物质来为自己制造食物。
carbon dioxide, and sunlight.
二氧化碳以及阳光。
This process is called photosynthesis.
这个过程被称为光合作用。
Photo means light.
Photo”（照片）这个词的含义是“光”。
And synthesis means making or preparation.
而“合成”（synthesis）指的是制造或制备的过程。
Now, let us see the definition of photosynthesis.
现在，让我们来看看光合作用的定义。
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose.
光合作用是植物利用阳光、水和二氧化碳来产生氧气以及以葡萄糖形式存在的能量的过程。
That means in photosynthesis, water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight are the raw materials,
这意味着在光合作用过程中，水、二氧化碳和阳光是所需的原材料。
glucose, and oxygen are the products.
葡萄糖和氧气是这一过程的产物。
We know that photosynthesis takes place inside the green leaves.
我们知道光合作用发生在绿色的叶子内部。
But do you know the exact location of photosynthesis inside the leaf?
但是你知道叶片内部光合作用发生的确切位置吗？
If we look at the cross -section of any leaf under a microscope,
如果我们用显微镜观察任何一片叶子的横截面，