Electric Motor || 3D animated explanation || class 12th and 10th science || · Visual Learning
本视频用3D动画讲解电动机如何将电能转化为机械能，适合练习物理知识和理解电磁感应原理。
In this video, we will understand electric motor.
在这个视频中，我们将了解电动机的工作原理。
An electric motor is a rotating device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.
电动机是一种旋转装置，它能够将电能转化为机械能。
Let's understand how does an electric motor works.
让我们来了解一下电动机是如何工作的。
An electric motor consists of a rectangular coil ABCD of insulated copper wire.
电动机由一个由绝缘铜线制成的矩形线圈 ABCD 组成。
The coil is placed between the two poles of a magnetic field.
该线圈被放置在磁场的两极之间。
Such that the arm AB and CD are perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field.
使得臂 AB 和 CD 垂直于磁场方向。
The ends of the coil are connected to the two halves P and Q of a split ring.
线圈的两端分别连接到分裂环（split ring）的两个部分 P 和 Q 上。
The inner sides of these halves are insulated and attached to an axle.
这两个半部分的内侧都经过了隔热处理，并且被固定在一根轴上。
The external conducting edges of P and Q touch to conducting stationary brushes X and Y respectively.
P和Q的外导电边缘分别与静止的导电刷X和Y接触。
Current in the coil ABCD enters from the source battery through
线圈 ABCD 中的电流是从电源电池通过……（此处原文信息不完整）流入线圈的。
conducting brush X
导电刷 X
and flows back to the battery through brush Y.
然后通过电刷 Y 流回电池。
Notice that the current in arm AB of the coil flows from A to B.
请注意，线圈中AB段导线的电流方向是从A流向B的。
In arm CD it flows from C to D that is opposite to the direction of current through arm AB.
在支路 CD 中，电流的流动方向是从 C 到 D，这与通过支路 AB 的电流方向相反。
On
（注：根据语境，“On”通常作为动词或介词使用，例如“on time”（准时）、“on fire”（着火）等。如果这里指的是某个特定的名称或品牌，比如“On”手机或“On”品牌的产品，那么需要提供更多信息才能进行准确翻译。）
applying Fleming's left hand rule for the direction of force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field,
根据弗莱明左手定则来判断磁场中载流导体所受力的方向： 当电流方向为“右手握笔方向”时，导体所受的力方向为“拇指指向的方向”； 当电流方向为“左手握笔方向”时，导体所受的力方向为“食指指向的方向”。
we find that the force acting on arm AB pushes it downwards.
我们发现作用在 AB 手臂上的力使其向下运动。
While the force acting on arm CD pushes it upwards.
虽然作用在 CD 手臂上的力使其向上运动，但……（原句似乎不完整或存在逻辑错误。）
Thus the coil and the axle O mounted free to turn about an axis rotate anti -clockwise.
因此，该线圈以及可自由绕轴旋转的轴O会逆时针方向转动。
At half rotation Q makes contact with the brush X.
当旋转角度达到一半时，Q 与刷子 X 发生接触。
And P makes contact with brush Y.
然后，部件 P 与刷子 Y 发生了接触。
In this scenario the current in the coil gets reversed and flows along the path DCBA.
在这种情况下，线圈中的电流方向会发生反转，从而沿着 DCBA 路径流动。
A device that reverses the direction of flow of current through a circuit is called a commutator.
一种能够改变电流在电路中流动方向的装置被称为换向器。
In electric motors the split ring acts as a commutator.
在电动机中，分流环起到换向器的作用。
The
（由于“The”本身是一个代词或介词，没有具体的含义，因此无法为其添加翻译。如果需要翻译其后的内容，请提供更多信息。）
reversal of current also reverses the direction of force acting on the two arms AB and CD.
电流方向的改变也会导致作用在 AB 和 CD 两段臂上的力的方向发生改变。
Thus the arm AB of the coil that was earlier pushed down is now pushed up.
因此，之前被向下压的线圈部分（即臂AB）现在被向上推了。
And the arm CD previously pushed up is now pushed down.
之前被向上推动的“手臂”部件（即 CD 部分）现在被向下推动了。
Therefore the coil and the axle rotate half a turn more in the same direction.
因此，线圈和轴会朝同一个方向再旋转半圈。
The reversing of the current is repeated at each half rotation giving rise to a continuous rotation of the coil and to the axle.
电流方向的反转会在每次线圈完成半圈旋转时重复发生，从而使得线圈以及与之相连的轴持续旋转。
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感谢您的观看！
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