3D Animation of Human Heart | Class 10 Science Chapter 5 | NCERT Biology Life Processes · Ekaksha English Medium
本视频通过3D动画讲解人体心脏的结构和血液循环过程，适合学生练习生物学科中的生命活动相关知识点。
Our heart is an exciting organ,
我们的心脏是一个非常神奇的器官。
it beats about 72 times per minute.
它每分钟大约跳动 72 次。
Let's explore how our heart keeps our body alive and thriving.
让我们来了解一下心脏是如何维持我们身体的生命活动并使其健康成长的。
The human heart lies well protected in the chest, behind the ribs and sternum,
人的心脏位于胸腔内，受到很好的保护；它位于肋骨和胸骨的后面。
between the lungs, slightly tilted to the left.
位于两肺之间，略微向左侧倾斜。
To the left and right are the lungs which absorb oxygen from the air we breathe.
左右两侧分别是肺部，它们负责从我们呼吸的空气中吸收氧气。
It is shaped like an upside down pair and is roughly the size of our fist.
它的形状像是一对倒置在一起的物体，大小大约与我们的拳头相当。
The heart's task is to pump deoxygenated blood through the lungs and transport the oxygenated blood coming from the lungs into the rest of the body.
心脏的任务是将缺氧的血液泵送到肺部，同时将肺部吸收的含氧血液输送到身体的其他部位。
Now let's take a closer look at the heart's structure.
现在，让我们更仔细地看看心脏的结构。
It's divided into four chambers.
它被划分为四个腔室。
The upper chambers call the right atrium and the left atrium which receive blood.
心脏的上部腔室被称为右心房和左心房，它们负责接收血液。
The lower chambers, the right ventricle and the left ventricle pump the blood out.
心脏的下部结构——右心室和左心室——负责将血液泵出体外。
These chambers are separated by valves which ensure blood flows in one direction and prevent it from going backward.
这些腔室之间由阀门隔开，阀门的作用是确保血液只能朝一个方向流动，防止血液倒流。
The heart has four key valves.
心脏有四个关键的瓣膜。
The tricuspid valve lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
三尖瓣位于右心房和右心室之间。
The pulmonary valve controls blood flow from the right ventricle to the lungs.
肺动脉瓣负责调节血液从右心室流向肺部的流动。
The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, connects the left atrium to the left ventricle.
二尖瓣（又称双叶瓣）负责连接左心房和左心室。
The aortic valve ensures blood flows from the left ventricle to the body.
主动脉瓣确保血液从左心室流向全身。
These valves open and close with each heartbeat, creating the familiar lub -dub sound we hear.
这些瓣膜随着每次心跳的节奏开合，从而产生了我们耳中所听到的那种“ lub-dub”（咚咚）的声音。
Now let's know about the blood vessels.
现在让我们来了解一下血管。
The superior and inferior vena cava brings deoxygenated blood to the heart from the body.
上腔静脉和下腔静脉将体内缺氧的血液输送回心脏。
The pulmonary arteries carry this blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
肺动脉将这些血液从心脏输送到肺部，以便进行氧气交换（即血液中的二氧化碳被替换为氧气）。
The pulmonary veins bring oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs.
肺静脉将富含氧气的血液从肺部输送回心脏。
Finally, the aorta carries oxygenated blood from the heart to every part of your body.
最后，主动脉将富含氧气的血液从心脏输送到身体的各个部位。
The human heart is a powerful pump and it performs a remarkable process called double circulation.
人类的心脏是一台强大的“泵”，它执行着一个被称为“双循环”的奇妙生理过程。
Double circulation means that blood passes through the heart twice during a single complete journey around the body.
双循环”指的是血液在完成一次全身循环的过程中会两次经过心脏。
This ensures efficient separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
这样可以确保含氧血液与缺氧血液得到有效分离。
Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium of the heart from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava.
缺氧的血液通过上腔静脉和下腔静脉从身体返回心脏的右心房。
The right atrium then contracts pushing the blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.
随后，右心房收缩，将血液通过三尖瓣推入右心室。
When the right ventricle contracts the pulmonary valve opens, sending the blood through the pulmonary arteries to the lungs for oxygenation.
当右心室收缩时，肺动脉瓣会打开，血液通过肺动脉被输送到肺部进行氧气交换。
This is known as pulmonary circulation, the first circuit.
这被称为肺循环，即人体血液循环系统中的第一个循环路径。
Now, the second circuit begins delivering oxygenated blood to the entire body.
现在，第二循环系统开始将富含氧气的血液输送到全身各处。
Oxygenated blood from the lungs flow into the left atrium of the heart through pulmonary veins.
富含氧气的血液从肺部通过肺静脉流入心脏的左心房。
The left atrium contracts pushing the blood through the mitral valve into the left ventricle.
左心房收缩，将血液通过二尖瓣推入左心室。
The left ventricle pumps the oxygenated blood out through the aortic valve into the aorta.
左心室将富含氧气的血液通过主动脉瓣泵入主动脉。
From the aorta, blood travels through smaller arteries, arterals and capillaries to reach every cell in the body.
血液从主动脉流出，经过较小的动脉、微动脉和毛细血管，最终到达身体中的每一个细胞。
Now, deoxygenated blood begins its journey back to the heart, completing the cycle.
现在，缺氧的血液开始返回心脏，从而完成了整个循环过程。