What can science tell us about the pain of a broken heart? ⏲️ 6 Minute English · BBC Learning English
本期6 Minute English探讨心碎的科学原因，解释为何心碎会像身体疼痛一样感受。适合练习情感、科技和成长相关词汇。
Hi Georgie.
嗨，乔治。
Hi Neil.
嗨，尼尔。
Now, I want you to think back to the last time you had your heart broken.
现在，我希望你回想一下上一次你心碎的情景。
How did it feel?
那是一种怎样的感觉呢？
It was a couple of years ago.
那是几年前的事了。
And I just remember a really intense, sad emotion.
我只记得当时那种极其强烈、令人悲伤的情绪。
But it also sometimes feels like a physical pain in your stomach, doesn't it?
但有时候，这种感觉也确实像是一种身体上的疼痛（尤其是胃部的疼痛），对吧？
It does.
确实如此。
It's like real pain, isn't it?
这种感觉就像真正的疼痛一样，对吧？
And today, in 6 Minute English, we're talking about heartbreak.
今天，在“6分钟英语”节目中，我们要讨论的主题是心碎（即因爱情或失去重要的人而感到的极度痛苦）。
Now, heartbreak is the feeling of sadness we get when we lose someone we love.
如今，“心碎”指的是当我们失去所爱的人时所感受到的悲伤情绪。
And that pain you feel, it's not just imaginary.
你所感受到的那种痛苦，并非只是想象出来的。
In this podcast, we'll be understanding how our brains change when we fall in love and asking the question,
在这期播客中，我们将探讨当我们坠入爱河时大脑会如何发生变化，并提出这样一个问题：
why does heartbreak hurt so much?
为什么心碎会带来如此剧烈的痛苦呢？
And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary.
像往常一样，我们将学习一些有用的新词汇。
You can find the full list and the definitions at bbclearningenglish.com.
你可以在 bbclearningenglish.com 上找到完整的列表及其定义。
Georgie, we're going to start with a quiz question.
乔治，我们先从一个测验问题开始吧。
Are you ready?
你准备好了吗？
I am very ready.
我已经准备好了。
So, in the 1950s, psychologists noticed a link between children's early bonds with their parents and their romantic relationships as adults,
20世纪50年代，心理学家们发现儿童早期与父母建立的亲密关系与他们成年后的恋爱关系之间存在某种联系。
but what is this theory called?
但是这个理论叫什么名字呢？
Is it: a) contraction theory, b) attachment theory, or c) superstition theory?
这属于以下哪一种理论： a) 收缩理论（Contraction Theory）； b) 依恋理论（Attachment Theory）； c) 迷信理论（Superstition Theory）？
I think it's b) attachment theory.
我认为应该是 b) 依恋理论。
OK.
好的。
Well, we will find out at the end of the programme.
好吧，我们会在节目结束时揭晓答案。
What's going on in our brains when we fall in love?
当我们坠入爱河时，我们的大脑里究竟发生了什么？
Well, scientists have scanned people's brains while they're looking at a photo of their romantic partner.
科学家们观察了人们在看到自己浪漫伴侣的照片时的大脑活动情况。
And they found that looking at someone you're in love with activates a part of the brain that also reminds us to eat and drink.
他们发现，当看到自己爱的人时，大脑的某个区域会被激活；这个区域同时也会让我们产生“需要进食和饮水”的冲动。
And do scientists know why being in love impacts our brain in this way?
科学家们是否知道，为什么恋爱会以这种方式影响我们的大脑呢？
So, it's all about survival.
所以，一切都是为了生存。
Our brains have evolved to be this way.
我们的大脑就是这样进化而来的。
Dr Lucy Brown explains more to the BBC World Service.
露西·布朗博士向英国广播公司世界服务频道（BBC World Service）做了进一步的解释。
This is a survival system.
这是一个用于保障生存的系统。
Nature gave us these systems to be addicted to each other – for reproduction, for protection.
大自然赋予了我们这些机制，让我们彼此产生依赖：为了繁衍后代，也为了相互保护。
You're oriented completely toward the other person.
你的全部注意力都集中在对方身上。
It's like hunger or thirst.
这就像饥饿或口渴一样，是一种无法抑制的生理需求。
Lucy says our brains make us addicted to our romantic partners.
露西认为，我们的大脑会让我们对自己的浪漫伴侣产生依赖（即让我们对伴侣产生难以割舍的感情）。
If you're addicted to something, you want more of it.
如果你对某样东西上瘾了，你就会想要更多。
You can literally be addicted to things like drugs or alcohol, but we also use it metaphorically to talk about things we love.
人们确实可能对毒品或酒精等物质上瘾；但我们也用这个词语来比喻那些我们真正热爱的事物。
She says that romantic partners are oriented to each other, which in British English we say 'orientated', and it means they are pointed towards each other.
她说，浪漫伴侣之间的关系是相互依存的（在英式英语中我们用“oriented”来表达这个意思），也就是说他们的关系是紧密相连、相互依赖的。