Сar anatomy: The Basics / How cars work? (3D animation) · CARinfo3d (En)
本视频通过3D动画讲解现代汽车的结构与工作原理，涵盖车身、发动机、传动系统等关键部分，适合练习汽车相关词汇和系统理解。
In this video, we will go over the anatomy of a car.
在这个视频中，我们将介绍汽车的构造（即汽车的各个组成部分及其相互关系）。
The following major systems are included in the vehicle: the body and frame
该车辆配备了以下主要系统：车身结构（包括车身本体和框架）。
the engine the transmission suspension systems, wheels, and tires.
发动机、传动系统、悬架系统、车轮以及轮胎。
Control systems Electrical systems The engine subsystems and the climatic equipment are the only remaining pieces of equipment.
控制系统、电气系统以及发动机子系统和气候调节设备是目前仅存的部分设备。
Let’s take a look at the car’s major components and assemblies.
让我们来看看这辆汽车的主要部件和装配结构。
It may appear complicated now, but we are going to explore each system in greater detail.
现在这可能看起来有些复杂，但我们会逐一更详细地探讨每一个系统。
So, let’s look at car assemblies.
那么，让我们来看看汽车的组装过程吧。
We’ll begin with the body and frame.
我们先从车身和框架开始讲起。
This is the body.
这就是身体。
It provides space for the driver, passengers, and cargo.
它为驾驶员、乘客以及货物提供了足够的空间。
This is the body together with all auxiliaries and decorative elements.
这就是整个装置，包括所有的辅助部件和装饰元素。
Next comes the frame.
接下来是框架部分。
It is the main supporting structure to which all other components are attached.
它是主要的支撑结构，所有其他组件都安装在其上。
It can be a body-on-frame or a unibody construction.
这种汽车可以采用传统的“车身独立框架结构”（body-on-frame），也可以采用“整体式车身结构”（unibody）。
The unibody combines the functions of the body and the frame.
这种一体式结构将车身与车架的功能合二为一。
Most modern cars use this type of construction.
大多数现代汽车都采用了这种制造结构。
Body-on-frame vehicles are much rarer and primarily comprise off-road SUVs.
采用“车身独立于框架”（Body-on-Frame）结构的汽车非常罕见，这类汽车主要指的是越野型SUV。
The next vehicle system is the engine.
下一个车辆系统是发动机。
The engine is usually located in the front of the vehicle.
发动机通常位于车辆的前部。
The engine converts one form of energy into mechanical energy, which is then used to propel the car.
发动机将一种形式的能量转化为机械能，这种机械能随后被用来驱动汽车。
The internal combustion engine is the most commonly used engine type in automobiles.
内燃机是汽车中最常用的发动机类型。
Such engines rely on the combustion energy of gasoline, diesel fuel, or, in rare cases, another kind of fuel.
这类发动机依靠汽油、柴油的燃烧能量来驱动（在极少数情况下，也会使用其他类型的燃料）。
Electric and hybrid motors are also becoming increasingly popular.
电动马达和混合动力马达也越来越受欢迎。
You can see a four-cylinder, sixteen-valve gasoline internal combustion engine.
你可以看到一台四缸、十六气门的汽油内燃机。
This engine's operating cycle consists of four strokes.
这台发动机的工作循环包括四个冲程。
1- Intake, 2 - Compression, 3 - Power, 4 - Exhaust The engine has numerous subsystems, such as the intake system,
1- 进气；2- 压缩；3- 功率输出；4- 排气。 发动机由许多子系统组成，例如进气系统等。
exhaust system, fuel supply system, cooling system, and others.
排气系统、燃油供给系统、冷却系统以及其他相关系统。
The internal combustion engine generates mechanical work, and the torque is then transferred to the transmission system via a flywheel.
内燃机产生机械功，随后通过飞轮将扭矩传递给传动系统。
The transmission is the device that connects the engine to the drive wheels.
变速箱是一种将发动机与驱动轮连接起来的装置。
It transfers, changes, and distributes torque to the drive wheels.
它将扭矩传递、转换并分配给驱动轮。
Transmissions are classified based on the type of gearbox.
传动系统的分类依据是其所使用的变速箱类型。
The manual gearbox requires the driver to select and change gears by using a gear shift lever and a clutch pedal.
手动变速箱要求驾驶员通过使用换挡杆和离合器踏板来选择和切换挡位。
In case of the automatic gearbox, to travel forwards, the driver only needs to shift the selector into the Drive mode.
对于自动变速箱车型来说，要向前行驶，驾驶员只需将换挡杆切换到“驾驶模式”（Drive mode）即可。
Further gear changes do not necessitate driver intervention.
后续的换挡操作无需驾驶员进行干预。
The type of wheel drive is another significant distinction between transmission systems.
轮驱动类型是传动系统之间的另一个重要区别。
You can now see a vehicle with front-wheel drive.
现在你可以看到一辆前轮驱动的汽车了。
Depending on the type of wheel drive, transmissions can have a variety of structures and compositions.
根据驱动方式的类型不同，变速箱的结构和组成也会有所差异。
A front-wheel drive manual transmission includes the following components: the clutch, manual gearbox final drive and differential and axle shafts.
前轮驱动、手动挡变速箱的系统包括以下部件：离合器、手动变速箱、最终传动装置（差速器）以及车轴。
The clutch, final drive and differential are all contained within the same housing as the gearbox.
离合器、最终传动装置（即减速齿轮）以及差速器都安装在与变速箱相同的壳体内。
Now we can see how the engine and the transmission interact.
现在我们可以看到发动机和变速箱是如何相互配合工作的了。